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The ten chapters of the volume answer these ten fundamental questions and the clinician who faces an apical pathology of endodontic origin will therefore have the solutions. The aim of this text/atlas is to provide a guide to the diagnostic approach and to the execution of endodontic retreatments of complex cases.
The CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography) is a real breakthrough for dentistry because it offers many advantages: low radiation dose to patients, high definition with very small voxels, the possibility to see the tooth and the surrounding structures in three different planes, overcoming any anatomical overlapping. The introductory chapters provide the reader with the knowledge and basic tools to understand the CBCT. Everything else is an atlas, highly enjoyable, which includes the use of CBCT in both clinical and surgical dentistry, and describes in details not only the diagnostic phase but also the operational use to program the individual case, and control the future outcome.
This book aims to introduce veterinary surgeons to a new concept of pain for a better understanding of what pain is and how it occurs. By describing pain pathways and their regulation, as well as the sophisticated therapeutic systems that are currently being developed, this book shows its readers how to interpret pain, and how to identify it as a pathology in itself and treat it as such. The management of chronic pain in companion animals is an area in which there is a significant therapeutic void. In many cases, professionals are unaware of the appropriate approach to managing chronic pain, despite the wide range of pharmacological, surgical, and physical therapy options that act directly on the pain pathways.
The most updated information on avian influenza with a practical approach. The authors review the aetiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, and control of avian influenza viruses. It also includes numerous graphic resources to make the contents more understandable to readers.
Infectious bronchitis is an acute and highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens characterized by respiratory signs comprising gasping, coughing, sneezing, tracheal rales and nasal discharge. In addition, severe respiratory distress may occur in young chickens. Respiratory distress, decrease in egg production, and loss of internal egg quality and eggshell quality have been reported in layers. Some strains of the virus produce severe kidney damage and may be associated with high mortality.
